Four different TBP-based non-Newtonian solutions were tested in the rod climbing experiments. These solutions were produced by mixing TBP (Tributyl Phosphate) and PBMA (Polybutyl Methacrylate) or PSBMA (Polystyrene-butyl Methacrylate) with specified concentrations by weight. The properties of liquids are shown in table-1.

Solution	Density	Surface Tension	Shear Viscosity at 1.74 shear	Weight Concentration	Note
	(g/cm3)	(dyn/cm)	(cp)	%
PBMA/TBP-350	0.971	27.6	350	2.56	Mixed 5-12-05
PSBMA/TBP-350	0.974	27.8	350	2.60	Mixed 5-12-05
PBMA/TBP-750	0.992	25.6	750	3.20	Mixed 7-21-04
PSBMA/TBP-700	0.974	26.2	700	3.10	Mixed 5-11-05

Table 1. Properties of experimental liquids

 

   
(a)                                                        (e)

   
(b)                                                        (f)

   
(c)                                                        (g)

   
(d)                                                        (h)

Fig. 1 Change in free surface of PBMA/TBP-750 near a steel rod (diameter  cm) as rotational speed is increased; room temperature ºC.

                            (a)           (b)           (c)           (d)           (e)           (f)           (g)          (h) 
Speed (rev/s)       0.0          4.2           6.7         10.0        13.3         20.0        30.0        41.7 

 

   
(a)                                                        (e)

   
(b)                                                        (f)

   
(c)                                                        (g)

   
(d)                                                        (h)

Fig. 2 Change in free surface of PSBMA/TBP-700 near a steel rod (diameter  cm) as rotational speed is increased; room temperature ºC.

                            (a)           (b)           (c)           (d)           (e)           (f)           (g)          (h) 
Speed (rev/s)       0.0          4.2           6.7         10.0        13.3         20.0        30.0        41.7 

 

   
(a)                                                        (e)

   
(b)                                                        (f)

   
(c)                                                        (g)

   
(d)                                                        (h)

Fig. 3 Change in free surface of PBMA/TBP-350 near a steel rod (diameter cm) as rotational speed is increased; room temperature ºC.

                            (a)           (b)           (c)           (d)           (e)           (f)           (g)          (h) 
Speed (rev/s)       0.0          8.3          13.3         20.0        25.0        36.7        50.0        65.8 

 

   
(a)                                                        (c)

   
(b)                                                        (d)

Fig. 4 Change in free surface of PSBMA/TBP-350 near a steel rod (diameter  cm) as rotational speed is increased; room temperature ºC.

                                    (a)                   (b)                  (c)                   (d)   
Speed (rev/s)               0.0                  8.3                 16.7                65.8  

 

A summary of the climbing constants for the TBP-based liquids is shown in table 2.

Solution	h0(a)	h2(a) for Wà0	Climbing constant
-	cm	cm.sec2	g/cm
PBMA/TBP-350	0.13850	0.00070	2.23
PBMA/TBP-750	0.11491	0.00234	7.30
PSBMA/TBP-350	0.11202	0.00042	1.35
PSBMA/TBP-700	0.16727	0.00189	5.89

Table 2. Measured values of climbing constants (the radius of rod a = 0.12 cm)