Tubeless siphon of a 0.5 wt% 4 million g/mol PEO solution with and without nanoparticles

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(a) Elapsed time: 8 sec                       16 sec                                 21 sec                                23 sec            .

   

(b) Elapsed time: 8 sec                    16 sec                                27 sec                              28 sec             .

 

Tubeless siphon of a 0.5 wt% 4 million g/mol PEO solution with and without nanoparticles; the initial volume and the piston speed are the same in the two cases. (a) Without particles, about 20-ml liquid is left in the beaker after the siphon. (b) The PEO solution is laden with 2.34 wt % 10 –20 nm silica particles. The tubeless siphon is much stronger and a complete cleaning is achieved.